HAPPY maps can be made of almost any genome, subject to following limitations:

*Suitable sequences must exist for use as markers. These can be any stretches of sequence longer than one or two hundred bases. In order to be useful, they need to be unique within the genome. (A multicopy sequence will not give useful mapping data in general.)

*It must be possible to obtain good-quality genomic DNA from the species to be mapped.

*The resolution of the map (its ability to correctly order closely-spaced markers) can be as high as you like - it’s just a matter of making the mapping panel from small enough DNA fragments. However, the range of the panel (the maximum measurable distance between markers) will be about 10 times the resolution. For example, a mapping panel can be made with a resolution of 10kb and a range of 100kb, meaning that markers as close together as 10kb can be reliably ordered, but markers more than 100kb apart will remain un-connected.

*The maximum range of a HAPPY map (the maximum measurable distance between markers) is about one megabase - this limit is set by the size of DNA fragments that can easily be purified. Since the location of the markers isn’t known to begin with, this means that you need at least 1 marker per 100kb of genome on average, to ensure that there aren’t any inter-marker gaps of >1Mb. Hence, a 100Mb genome would need about 1000 markers to be sure of producing a contiguous map.